Weekly publication since February 2015
Mark and Focus
Independent weekly editorial analysis on urban sustainability, water governance, climate resilience, infrastructure systems, digital water, circular economy transitions, and urban systems transformation.
11+ years
of continuous weekly publication
A long-running editorial archive on urban systems transformation.
Publishing weekly since February 2015
Latest analysis
Japan has selected two plastics demonstration projects, one targeting bioethanol-derived raw materials and another recycled material for electrical equipment. The decision supports different routes away from conventional fossil inputs while leaving commercial performance and emissions results to be established.
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Spain has authorized up to €7.3 million for infrastructure investments across Campo de Gibraltar’s eight municipalities. Direct allocation is paired with agreements, project records and repayment rules, giving the regional service body a defined route from funding to accountable expenditure.
Indonesia’s environment ministry has offered to connect Klungkung’s processed waste products with industrial buyers. The intervention shifts attention from producing an alternative fuel to selling it reliably, with transport costs and evidence of plant performance still consequential.
Cantareira’s storage rose enough in September to move the São Paulo supply system into its Attention band for October. The monthly decision sets a withdrawal ceiling while retaining demand measures and rules for water transferred from another basin.
England has opened a temporary October route for refilling existing irrigation reservoirs outside their licensed season. The change preserves withdrawal limits and river safeguards, so its usefulness depends on local flows, eligibility and careful records.
Italy has extended expressions of interest for its circular advanced materials initiative to October 21. The change gives prospective projects more time to enter the national selection process; it does not award support or relax the initiative’s stated circular-design requirements.
Spain has submitted its final €25.861 billion recovery payment request. The closeout brings investment outputs and decentralized verification together, while leaving a crucial distinction intact: a national submission is a claim for assessment, not confirmation that the money has been paid.
ADB has approved US$100 million for collateral-free housing microfinance in Bangladesh. The design combines access through local lenders with hazard screening, safer construction and stronger borrower documentation, making resilience part of how the loan is used rather than a separate aspiration.
Mauá has opened another Ecoenel collection point, where separated materials become credits on electricity bills. The service combines a neighborhood location, weighing and account records; its early assessment needs to distinguish new local use from the program’s wider recycling totals.
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A continuous editorial record on urban systems transformation
Mark and Focus is written by Robert C. Brears as a long-running archive of concise analysis on environmental governance, infrastructure adaptation, water security, circular resource management, and sustainability transitions across global urban systems.